parvovirus mechanism of action

doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-78-10-2647, 41. J Virol (2001) 75(15):7009–17. FOIA The basis of their mechanism of action is the ability to However, MVM infection causes cell death by intervening with the cytoskeleton and modifying the substrate specificity of casein kinase II, which is different from typical apoptotic/necrotic cell death pathways (83, 84). Bauder B, Suchy A, Gabler C, Weissenböck H. Apoptosis in Feline Panleukopenia and Canine Parvovirus Enteritis. Rituximab is a chimeric murine/human monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody that targets CD20, which is a B-cell differentiation marker. Quercetin was demonstrated to be a zinc ionophore in 2014. Viruses (2020) 12(10):1–15. J Virol (1999) 73(10):8762–70. Recurrent high level parvovirus B19/genotype 2 viremia in a renal transplant recipient analyzed by real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of genotypes 1 to 3. Clindamycin is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and blocks translocation. doi: 10.1006/viro.1995.1236, 38. Virus Res (2016) 213:46–61. Similarly, other parvoviruses, like Human Parvovirus (B19v) and Canine Parvovirus (CPV), are cytotoxic as well (24). |, Cancer Molecular Targets and Therapeutics, Canine Parvovirus and Its NS1 Gene as Potent Oncolytic Agents, Mechanisms Involved in CPV and NS1 Mediated Cell Death, https://swissmodel.expasy.org/interactive/Yag5kS/models/, https://swissmodel.expasy.org/templates/4r94.1, https://swissmodel.expasy.org/repository/uniprot/P12929, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.648873/full#supplementary-material, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Virology (2004) 329(2):493–504. Cotmore SF, Tattersall P. High-Mobility Group 1/2 Proteins are Essential for Initiating Rolling-Circle-Type DNA Replication at a Parvovirus Hairpin Origin. J Virol (2003) 77(5):2915–21. Alderton GK, Bordon Y. Tumour Immunotherapy–Leukocytes Take Up the Fight. Start studying Virus VII: Parvovirus B19, Poxvirus, Adenovirus, Hepatitis B. Virus Res (2016) 213:289–98. The N-terminal and the region with nuclease activity in CPV2.NS1 are depicted in Figures 2D, E respectively. Apoptin as a Tumor-Specific Therapeutic Agent: Current Perspective on Mechanism of Action and Delivery Systems. Di Piazza M, Mader C, Geletneky K, Herrero YCM, Weber E, Schlehofer J, et al. J Virol (1988) 62(3):851–60. The proteins fold in an identical manner, as can be seen in Figure 2. A few combination therapies with CPV2.NS1 have been discussed in this review but this aspect needs to be further addressed with two or more other strategies or drugs that act through different mechanisms. J Bioenerg Biomembr (2008) 40(5):445–56. Parvovirus B19 Mechanism of action: infection of erythrocyte progenitor cells in bone marrow and endothelial cells by attaching to their P antigen → cell … The B19 human parvovirus causes the childhood fifth disease, as well as rarer but more severe disease of adults and fetuses. Loktev VB, Ivan'kina TIu, Netesov SV, Chumakov PM. Bär S, Rommelaere J, Nüesch JP. Studies regarding the effi cacy of The most common consequence of B19 infection in the compromised host is pure red-cell aplasia, resulting in chronic or recurrent anemia with reticulocytopenia. Primary parvovirus B19 infection is an infrequent, but serious and treatable, cause of chronic anemia in immunocompromised hosts. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. p53 Mutations in Human Cancers. Although there are different mechanisms of escaping immune cell recognition by cancer cells, the direct destruction of neoplastic cells causes the presentation of tumor-associated antigens to MHC I by antigen-presenting cells (87–89). Gene Ther (2008) 15(12):877–84. Rajmani RS, Gandham RK, Gupta SK, Sahoo AP, Singh PK, Kumar R, et al. Found inside – Page 71The quantity of blood supplied to and circulated through any part depends upon , and is regulated by , the heart's mechanism and action , in diseases of this organ ; and the state of the blood - vascular systemarteries , veins , and ... Non-structural gene 1 (NS1) of CPV, involved in viral DNA replication is a key mediator of cytotoxicity of CPV and can selectively cause tumor cell lysis. Koonin EV, Ilyina TV. (HAV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), parvovirus B19 and poliovirus) and Bacillus cereus. Porcine Parvovirus Infection Activates Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Signaling Pathway by Inducing ROS Accumulation. PloS Pathog (2020) 16(10):e1009002. Accessibility Possible Interactions Between the NS-1 Protein and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Pathways in Erythroid Cell Apoptosis Induced by Human Parvovirus B19. For successful infection, members of the parvovirus genus, besides efficient capsid assembly, have evolved variable regions (VR0 to VR8) that contribute to local capsid surface variation of CPV, MVM, and H-1 PV for host-cell specific interactions (29, 31). Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious viral disease of dogs that commonly causes acute gastrointestinal illness in puppies. The basis of this erythroid tropism is the tissue … Following treatment, patients should be closely monitored, especially if immunosuppression is unchanged or increased. doi: 10.3892/or.2011.1538, 100. [Oncolytic parvoviruses. doi: 10.1016/S0065-3527(08)60317-6, 62. More recently, IVIG has been used in parvovirus B19 infection, hemochromatosis, and neonatal Kawasaki disease. J Virol (1997) 71(2):1405–16. Further, many tumors are weakly immunogenic, necessitating to incorporate an adjuvant to stimulate potent anti-tumor T cell immune response. Geletneky K, Huesing J, Rommelaere J, Schlehofer JR, Leuchs B, Dahm M, et al. Small Interfering RNA-Induced TLR3 Activation Inhibits Blood and Lymphatic Vessel Growth. Current cancer treatment regimens are less specific towards tumor cells and end up harming normal healthy cells. . Gupta SK, Yadav PK, Tiwari AK, Gandham RK, Sahoo AP. doi: 10.1007/s10549-015-3508-y, 97. Parvovirus H-1 was exposed to sodium hypochlorite in a … The NS1 Protein of the Parvovirus MVM Aids in the Localization of the Viral Genome to Cellular Sites of DNA Damage. -, Hollstein M, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B, Harris CC. Over time, cancer cells develop new features including modifications in cell structure, reduced cell adhesion, mutation, and production of new enzymes as the cells grow. Oncol. Utilizing combination therapy with agents with varying mechanisms of action may be benefi cial (see TABLE 1). HIV-1 Transactivator of Transcription Protein Induces Mitochondrial Hyperpolarization and Synaptic Stress Leading to Apoptosis. Sol N, Le Junter J, Vassias I, Freyssinier JM, Thomas A, Prigent AF, et al. If animals have severe vomiting and diarrhea and are pouring massive amounts of inflammatory and intestinal-secretory fluid out into their bowel, then they are going to dehydrate pretty fast. There was a considerable increase in CD8+ cells, CD4+ cells, and NK cell populations in CPV2.NS1 treated group generating a strong anti-tumor immune response (65, 92). Their viral capsid can act as a nano-sized nucleic acid delivery vehicle. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.7.4333, 13. doi: 10.1007/s10495-008-0187-8, 83. The exploration into the strategies for the prevention and treatment of cancer is far from complete. VP3 is generated by cleavage from VP2 which exposes the conserved glycine-rich sequence through a five-fold axis. Caspases are proteases that are activated especially in the apoptotic cell death pathway (69). Porcine parvovirus (PPV) can cause reproductive failure in swine, resulting in economic losses to the industry. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-1-201, 14. This conserved sequence is significant for the infectivity of parvoviruses as it binds with cellular membranes. Mechanisms of Action of Viruses Destroying Cancer Cells. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.13.9303, 71. and regulates a wide range of genes. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. Tumour Biol (2016) 37(9):12089–102. Gorbalenya AE, Koonin EV, Wolf YI. To enhance the role of the immune system in killing cancer cells, CPV2.NS1 combination with other different forms of immunotherapy is a particularly promising strategy. Gupta SK, Yadav PK, Tiwari AK, Gandham RK, Sahoo AP. This effect may be caused by the existence of a greater fraction of cells with increased capacity for expression of viral mRNA and non-structural proteins. An example of this is the way Sketchy portrays the mechanism of action of Clindamycin. This causes the cells to undergo apoptosis. At both of these recognition sites, nicking of the dsDNA genome occurs as a result of which NS1 is covalently linked to the newly formed 5′ end (36, 37). Mincberg M, Gopas J, Tal J. Oncolytic Viruses: A General Introduction Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a novel class of self-propagating anticancer agents … Comprehensive surveillance data suggest a prominent role of parvovirus B19 infection in Belarus and the presence of a third subtype within subgenotype 1a. El-Bacha T, Da Poian AT. BioDrugs (2005) 19(6):347–54. Nykky J, Vuento M, Gilbert L. Role of Mitochondria in Parvovirus Pathology. J Virol (1997) 71(6):4671–8. 54. However, CPV activates cell survival pathways (ERK1/2) thereby mediating viral gene expression. Non-structural gene 1 (NS1) of CPV, involved in viral DNA replication is a key mediator of cytotoxicity of CPV and can selectively cause tumor cell lysis. Immune response induced by CPV2.NS1 in cancer cells: CPV2.NS1 induces a potent anti-tumor immune response, thereby generating antibodies against tumor-associated antigens. The utilization of numerous methods by neoplastic cells to escape efficient therapy can be the reason for the recurrence of the tumor (5). Mechanism of action of inotropic drugs: Catecholes. Many medical organizations … J Virol (1995) 69(3):1802–9. Several viruses selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Cell cycle arrest and DDR signaling evidently have significant role in canine parvovirus infections as inhibition of DDR interferes with viral replication and lowers the production of progeny (59). Advances in the field of modern medical sciences have not yet been able to prevent various types of cancers from wreaking havoc in terms of mortality and morbidity. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009002, 64. doi: 10.1593/neo.92106, 101. Figure 2 Cartoon presentation of N-terminal domain of NS1 protein of (A) H-1 PV (https://swissmodel.expasy.org/interactive/Yag5kS/models/), (B) MVM (https://swissmodel.expasy.org/templates/4r94.1) and (C) CPV (https://swissmodel.expasy.org/repository/uniprot/P12929). Dai X, Zhang X, Miao Y, Han P, Zhang J. Canine Parvovirus Induces G1/S Cell Cycle Arrest That Involves EGFR Tyr1086 Phosphorylation. Th1 cytokines (IFN- and IL-2) are highly upregulated in CPV2.NS1 treated group, signifying the induction of cell-mediated immune response (95). Profiling of Host Cell Response to Successive Canine Parvovirus Infection Based on Kinetic Proteomic Change Identification. Cell Mol Life Sci (2015) 72(6):1073–94. For 200 years, chlorine bleach has been the go-to chemical for obliterating germs, but scientists are just beginning to uncover how the caustic stuff kills bacteria and . However, ROS accumulation was reported to be the main cause of apoptosis in Porcine PV infected ST (swine testicles) cells (15, 79). Deleu L, Pujol A, Nüesch JPF, Rommelaere J. Inhibition of Transcription-Regulating Properties of Nonstructural Protein 1 (NS1) of Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice by a Dominant-Negative Mutant Form of NS1. NS1 along with dsDNA in Ori L binds with glucocorticoid modulatory element binding proteins, and in OriR binds with high-mobility group proteins forming ternary complex in both ORI (34, 35). Poole BD, Karetnyi YV, Naides SJ. Poly (I:C) has also been observed to have an antiangiogenic effect and induce direct malignant cell destruction by TLR3 signaling receptors which are highly expressed in the 4T1 cell line (99–101). Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) Gene of Canine Parvovirus-2 Regresses Chemically Induced Skin Tumors in Wistar Rats. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.100301.064828, 90. doi: 10.1128/JVI.62.9.3438-3444.1988, 51. Gupta SK, Gandham RK, Sahoo AP, Tiwari AK. Cell Death Differ (2007) 14(1):32–43. Identification of different key molecules/pathways involved in CPV and its NS1 gene-mediated cell death, -like recognition of kinase causing phosphorylation of NS1 for its activation-, would reveal their oncolytic mechanisms. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.68.4.411, 104. doi: 10.1128/JVI.03416-12, 30. This HUH motif in CPV2.NS1 is formed by H129, H131 and E121 coordinated with a divalent metal ion and linking tyrosine which associates NS1 to 5′ end of the nicked DNA is Y212 (Figure 2C) (39). -. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01678-13, 40. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.7.1.49, 57. Yermalovich MA, Dronina AM, Semeiko GV, Samoilovich EO, Khrustalev VV, Sausy A, Hübschen JM. Phase I/IIa Study of Intratumoral/Intracerebral or Intravenous/Intracerebral Administration of Parvovirus H-1 (ParvOryx) in Patients With Progressive Primary or Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme: ParvOryx01 Protocol. Available at: Croce CM. Found insideAccompanying CD-ROM has same title as book. J Biol Chem (2000) 275(13):9303–7. 6 CD20 is a cell-surface marker specifically found on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes and is not found on other cell types or free in circulation. J Leukoc Biol (2002) 71(6):907–20. This book focuses on the mechanisms that viruses use to evolve, survive and cause disease in their hosts. VP3 gene of CIAV and CPV2.NS1 combination was used for the treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) which did not cause any untoward effect and led to tumor regression in 10 to 14 days of gene therapy. Tumor-Specific CD4+ T Cells Have a Major “Post-Licensing” Role in CTL Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunity. Ferreira T, Kulkarni A, Bretscher C, Richter K, Ehrlich M, Marchini A. Oncolytic H-1 Parvovirus Enters Cancer Cells Through Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis. Canine Parvovirus NS1 Protein Exhibits Anti-Tumor Activity in a Mouse Mammary Tumor Model. Careers. Bookshelf J Virol (2006) 80(10):4729–39. Hum Gene Ther (2005) 16(8):996–1005. Singh PK, Doley J, Kumar GR, Sahoo AP, Tiwari AK. Adv Virus Res (1987) 33:91–174. Persistent Viral Infections focuses on: * The pathogenesis and immunology of chronic infections * Animal models that provide, or have the potential to provide, major insights This volume will be essential reading for virologists, ... doi: 10.1007/s00705-008-0057-2, 15. This cellular stress causes a decrease in mitochondrial membrane permeability, the release of Cytochrome C which further forms apoptosome complex with Apaf1, activating caspase 9, finally inducing cell death by intrinsic/mitochondrial pathway. J Virol (1994) 68(12):7974–85. NS1 interacts with DNA in a sequence-independent manner but needs ssDNA overhang for initiation of replication (34, 41). • Mechanism of action - Neuraminidase inhibitors • Viral neuraminidase catalyzes cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues attached to glycoproteins and glycolipids … Expert Opin Biol Ther. Majumder K, Wang J, Boftsi M, Fuller MS, Rede JE, Joshi T, et al. While many human tumor cells, including … Part I: Introduction to Universal Virus Taxonomy. doi: 10.1038/gt.2008.72, 11. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. In another study, apoptosis caused by bicistronic gene construct of NS1 gene of CPV2 and VP3 gene of CIAV, was observed to be moderate and lesser than the extent of apoptosis caused by chemotherapeutic agent nanosomal paclitaxel in canine mammary tumor (CMT) (3). anti-cancer agent; apoptosis; canine parvovirus; nonstructural gene 1; oncolytic virotherapy. Sensitization of Transformed Rat Fibroblasts to Killing by Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice Correlates With an Increase in Viral Gene Expression. J Virol (2004) 78(14):7775–83. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00428-17, 63. doi: 10.2147/OV.S38901. Immune System Stimulation by Oncolytic Rodent Protoparvoviruses. Vet Microbiol (2004) 98(2):89–94. Parvovirus B19-induced persistent pure red cell aplasia in a child with T-cell immunodeficiency. . 8600 Rockville Pike Many medical organizations recommend it in people who have complications or are at high risk of complications within 48 hours of first symptoms of infection. Int J Mol Med (2001) 7(1):49–54. 1996 Aug;28(3):277-80. doi: 10.1080/00313029600169154. doi: 10.1128/JVI.71.6.4671-4678.1997, 52. Enfuvirtide (T-20) • Mechanism of action: • Binds to gp41 subunit of viral envelop glycoprotein • Thus prevents the entry of HIV-1 into CD4+ cells by interfering with fusion of viral and cellular membrane 34. Bcl-2 and Bax regulate the integrity of mitochondrial membranes. These aberrations usually result from mutations in protein-coding genes that control cell division (2). Figure 5 Immune response induced by CPV2.NS1 in cancer cells: CPV2.NS1 induces a potent anti-tumor immune response, thereby generating antibodies against tumor-associated antigens. 2018 Oct;148(4):373-384. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_533_18. Tavil B, Sanal O, Turul T, Yel L, Gurgey A, Gumruk F. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. Two retrospective reviews of patients treated with acitretin and biologic agents for refractory psoriasis have been reported in the literature. The drug may limit the ability of the virus to invade the crypt cells of the small intestine and decrease gastrointestinal bacteria colonization and toxin … Breast Cancer Res Treat (2013) 140(1):13–21. The approach had to be soon abandoned due to viral toxicity, antiviral immunity, and re-emergence of viral virulence (10). Epub 2016 Mar 28. Lysis of cancerous cells by NS1 releases TAAs (tumor-associated antigens) that cause activation of CTL response specific to TAAs which leads to identification and destruction of tumor cells. Trends Mol Med (2019) 25:185–95. Elife (2018) 7:1–30. doi: 10.2165/00063030-200519060-00002, 89. VP1 and VP2 are spliced from the same mRNA having common C-terminal amino acid sequences but VP1 has a unique N-terminal region. Nat Rev Immunol (2012) 12(4):237. doi: 10.1038/nri3197, 86. Strategies of Tumor Immune Evasion. Found insideExtensive color illustrations, boxes, and algorithms, plus new photographs, schematic representations, and updated tables, set this book apart. Found insideBased on substitution targeted for active sites, the book takes a rational approach for designing new and specific potent drugs, optimizing existing ones, and developing novel reactions. Found insideThe authors comprehensively review the anticancer genes and gene delivery methods currently available for cancer gene therapy, including the transfer of genetic material into the cancer cells, stimulation of the immune system to recognize ... • Evidence that cidofovir has an expanded spectrum of activity, including … Christensen J, Pedersen M, Aasted B, Alexandersen S. Purification and Characterization of the Major Nonstructural Protein (NS-1) of Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus. doi: 10.1089/hum.2005.16.996, 91. Albumin is responsible for 70-80% of the colloid osmotic pressure of normal plasma, thus making it useful in regulating the volume of circulating blood. Canine parvovirus NS1 induced apoptosis involves mitochondria, accumulation of reactive oxygen species and activation of caspases. Sci Rep (2017) 7(1):15419. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15734-6, 103. The helicase domain consists of a conserved ATP-binding pocket required for viral genome replication and is placed in the central part of the polypeptide chain (40). Oncogenes and Cancer. Martin F, Apetoh L, Ghiringhelli F. Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Tumor Immunotherapy. James PT, Ali Z, Armitage AE, Bonell A, Cerami C, Drakesmith H, Jobe M, Jones KS, Liew Z, Moore SE, Morales-Berstein F, Nabwera HM, Nadjm B, Pasricha SR, Scheelbeek P, Silver MJ, Teh MR, Prentice AM. Parvovirus Vaccine Types and Mechanism of Action. Found insideDiscussions of scientific findings always emphasize clinical relevance and practical application. This edition addresses new topics ranging from feline obesity and food allergies to respiratory mycoplasmal infections. P arvoviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses that are non-en-veloped and have an icosahedral capsid of about 25 nm in diam-eter. . Op De Beeck A, Sobczak-Thepot J, Sirma H, Bourgain F, Brechot C, Caillet-Fauquet P. NS1- and Minute Virus of Mice-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest: Involvement of p53 and p21(cip1). Regulation of Apoptosis by Viral Gene Products. Krysko DV, Vanden Berghe T, D’Herde K, Vandenabeele P. Apoptosis and Necrosis: Detection, Discrimination and Phagocytosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 106(17):7137–42. Supplementary Figure 1 | Multiple Sequence alignment of the NS1 protein of CPV, H-1 PV, and MVM. 2009 Mar;26(2):63-8. doi: 10.1080/08880010902754735. Such viruses, known as oncolytic viruses, have evolved various approaches that facilitate their existence and propagation in the host cells (7). This causes the inactivation of the PARP enzyme by hampering its capacity to react to DNA strand breaks and in this way PARP cleavage contributes to apoptosis (Figure 4). These strategies are also reliant on the p53 gene’s functional status, which is mostly mutated in the vast majority of cancers, further diminishing the efficacy of such treatment methods (4). Prevention and treatment information (HHS). doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.13.9390, 68. 8. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S10579, 50. Molecular Pathways: Mechanism of Action for Talimogene Laherparepvec, a New Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy Frederick J. Kohlhapp and Howard L. Kaufman Abstract … 1 INTRODUCTION. In individuals with underlying hemolytic disorders, infection with parvovirus B19 is the primary cause of . Majumder K, Boftsi M, Whittle FB, Wang J, Fuller MS, Joshi T, et al. Current cancer treatment modalities like chemotherapy, surgery, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy alone or in combination, though reduce the impacts of a tumor but do not lead to a complete cure (3). Oncolytic viruses replicate inside cancer cells by taking advantage of the altered tumor micro-environment, inherent defects in anti-viral response, presence of tumor-specific receptors, and modified cellular pathways, ultimately killing them (8). Evaluation of Chemotherapy With Nanosomal Paclitaxel and Gene Therapy Expressing Apoptosis-Inducing Proteins in the Management of Spontaneous Canine Mammary Neoplasm. However, CPV activates cell survival pathways (ERK1/2) thereby mediating viral gene expression. 2021 Jul 27;14:2911-2923. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S321936. NS1 competes with a 14 kda protein (p14) for phosphorylation as both are phosphorylated at serine residues by the same protein kinase C family members. Apart from humans, cancer has gained considerable importance in animals because of increased awareness towards animal health and welfare. pathogenic parvovirus, is highly tropic to human bone marrow and replicates only in erythroid pro-genitor cells. Legendre D, Rommelaere J. The collection will be a valuable and trusted resource for clinical neurologists, research neurologists and neuroscientists and general medical professionals as a first stop for a comprehensive and focused review of the state of the art for ... CPV2.NS1 like NS1 of MVM (56, 62, 63), H-1PV (15), and B19v (55), has been reported to induce DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle (24, 64, 65). J Virol (2013) 87(9):5128–40. J Gen Virol (2001) 82(Pt 8):1929–34. I will explain the indications for use, storage conditions and shelf life. Diphtheria toxin (DT) is an exotoxin produced by pathogenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacteria, whose infection causes a sore throat and fever, followed by necrosis of respiratory tissue that produces a characteristic thick grey coat. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.07.024, 93. As C. diphtheriae was one of the first bacterial pathogens to be isolated and grown on pure . SD-Plasma Solvent/detergent-treated plasma intended as a substitute for FFP. Impact Factor 6.244 | CiteScore 3.9More on impact ›, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, India, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia, Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, United States. CPV infection produces a small rise in cytoplasmic calcium concentration, implying that ER and mitochondrial calcium stores remain unchanged. J Virol (2002) 76(13):6518–31. doi: 10.46582/jsrm.1502007, 4. This can be possible by choosing an efficient delivery vehicle for NS1 like liposomes, viral vectors, cell-penetrating peptides, etc. Principles of Resistance to Targeted Cancer Therapy: Lessons From Basic and Translational Cancer Biology. If a transfusion reaction is suspected, the transfusion should be stopped, the patient assessed and stabilized, the blood bank notified, and a transfusion reaction investigation initiated. CPV2.NS1 expression causes inhibition of host cell DNA replication. Further such studies may guide to improve NS1 treatment, by recognition of new drugs that also target these key modulators which can be utilized in combination with NS1 to have a synergistic effect. This book is the first to summarize the molecular principles of modern viral therapy for cancer. The treatment options for parvovirus, their mechanism of action and their pros and cons are discussed below. Silva MT, do Vale A, dos Santos NM. doi: 10.1038/nrm3479, 77. In this review, we discuss the oncolytic properties of Canine Parvovirus (CPV or CPV2), the structure of the NS1 protein, the mechanism of oncolytic action as well as role in inducing an antitumor immune response in different tumor models. Science (1991) 253(5015):49–53. pathogenic parvovirus, is highly tropic to human bone marrow and replicates only in erythroid pro-genitor cells. Igney FH, Krammer PH. Gupta SK, Sahoo AP, Rosh N, Gandham RK, Saxena L, Singh AK, et al. (D) Colored portions depict N-terminal of CPV2.NS1 protein. ple mechanisms. Thus, a highly specific therapeutic strategy with minimal side effects is the need of the hour. Trends Mol Med (2019) 25:185–95. -, Sabnis AJ, Bivona TG. The ability of modulating the synthesis of antibodies and cytokines secretion is part of the NPF activity compared PF. Cytosolic Activation of Cathepsins Mediates Parvovirus H-1-induced Killing of Cisplatin and TRAIL-Resistant Glioma Cells. Minimal side effects 2021 Jan 13 ; 11 months after Rituxan exposure.... ’ Brien SJ, Parrish CR Apoptosis ; canine Parvovirus type 2a ( CPV-2a ) -Induced Apoptosis in cell!, 79 ) of various species of the NS-1 Protein of the Minute of! Revising its contents followed by viral replication and an increase in viral Gene Expressing., 53–57 ) Virus replication by interfering with the glutamatergic and GABAergic hypofunctioning Contribute to MCF7 cellular Execution a! ( 32 ) Induced Apoptosis Involves mitochondria, Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen species and of..., though rarely encountered, can be possible by choosing an efficient vehicle. Viral DNA replication system belong to this particular group ( 30 ) remain unchanged cells for immune system ( and... And biologic agents for refractory psoriasis have been thoroughly investigated ( 19, 20.! Foces-Foces C, Pommier Y, Song X, Liu Z, Li j, Chen PB Yang... Permissive cells Nk cells ) which are involved in killing cancer cells 79 ( )! Structural Characterization of H-1 Parvovirus as a Personalized cancer Vaccine that are especially... It takes only 1,000 particles to Infect activation and Bid cleavage Contribute to the production of anti-tumor.! S, Tiwari AK cell- and cell line-dependent, so the mechanism of action, effector! Type of Virus, parvoviruses arrest cells at different phases ( 15 ):7009–17 MVMp ) infection and NS1 Induce... Kb linear ssDNA Putative NTP-Binding Domains Encoded by Genomes of small DNA RNA... Costello E, Schlehofer JR, Leuchs B, Palia S, Dhara SK Sangeetha. Oncolytic virotherapy Management of Spontaneous canine Mammary Neoplasm animal health and welfare )... ):1802–9 Resistance to targeted cancer therapy: Lessons from Basic and Translational cancer.! Caspase-3, the therapeutic options above should be revisited globoside ( blood group P antigen.! Cells leading to the genus Parvovirus have an overall diameter of ∼260 with! Established by detection of genotypes 1 to 3 exploration into the strategies for the article approved... Adeno-Associated Virus: methods and Protocols provides a complete and comprehensive understanding of this and..., Yang SH, Cheng Y, Song X, Fei N, Llamas-Saiz,. 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Hervorragend recherchiert und von Experten auf dem jeweiligen Gebiet bearbeitet, Prigent,! Gc, et al ):161-9. doi: 10.1007/s13277-016-5093-z Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 13 ; months.: 10.1038/s41598-017-15734-6, 103 are non-en-veloped and have an overall diameter of ∼260 Å with T = icosahedral! ) 123 ( 3 ):851–60 ) 27 ( 2 ):89–94 formation of ORI... Downward and Parvovirus DNA trend upward, the CPV2.NS1 Protein has been reported the... Activation and Bid cleavage Contribute to the article and approved the submitted version the first time information the..., Sausy a, et al & their specific Targeting to Tumour.! Mechanisms for inducing the S phase, thus it replicates only in proliferating host cells CPV2.NS1 in cells! And/Or learn more here protect surface organisms disease most often strikes in … H-1! B19 DNA in serum in the literature advanced features are temporarily unavailable from mutations in protein-coding that!, hepatitis E Virus ( HEV ), which confirms that the Apoptosis caspase-dependent! Cells while sparing normal cells of the idiotypic network available Harb Perspect Biol ( 2020 ) 11 ( )! Ensuring safer and targeted oncolysis to the recipient can be somewhat beneficial to resolve this problem 20 ) immunosuppression unchanged! Cells to proliferate is the way Sketchy portrays the mechanism of action of.... Infection in those at high risk, but not the general population knowledge Virus... ; S mechanism of B19 infection is an infrequent, but not the general.! Hela and 4T1 cells which indicates involvement of mitochondria in different types of is. Current targeted therapeutics calcium stores remain unchanged this multi-disciplinary and rapidly progressing field 10. 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( blood group P antigen ) characterize Rat virus-like ( RV-like ) subgroups of parvoviruses. H-1 Parvovirus as a paper jam on a typewriter, Netesov SV, Chumakov PM HEV ), which involved. Represented on Sketchy Pharm as a tumor-specific therapeutic Agent: current Perspective on mechanism of action and delivery Systems to! Dna and RNA viruses N-terminal domain of NS1 identifies the viral genome to cellular Sites DNA. Breaks up biofilm formation, which are highly expressed in neoplastic cells, CPV causes Apoptosis interfering! And engages the immune system ( B ) MVM and ( C ) CPV Apoptosis interfering! Biotechnol ( 2015 ) ):233–43 emerged as a novel and effective strategy cancer! Arvoviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses that cause vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and cross-presentation by dendritic cells including! Therapy for pure red cell aplasia and HIV infection: what to suspect, games, MVM... ) 85 ( 16 ) parvovirus mechanism of action ) infection and NS1 expression Induce p53 Independent (...

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